Basic knowledge of CNC machining center
Classification of cnc machining centers
Machining centers are often divided into vertical machining centers, horizontal machining centers, and gantry machining centers according to the state of the spindle in the space. A machining center whose main shaft is vertical in space is called a vertical machining center, and a machining center whose main shaft is in a horizontal state is called a horizontal machining center.
1. Vertical machining center refers to a machining center with a vertical spindle. Its structure is mostly a fixed column. The worktable is rectangular and has no indexing and rotation function. It is suitable for processing discs, sleeves, and plate parts. It generally has three Linear motion coordinate axis, and a rotary table rotating along the horizontal axis can be installed on the worktable to process spiral parts.
The vertical machining center is easy to install, easy to operate, easy to observe the processing conditions, easy to debug the program, and widely used. However, limited by the height of the column and the tool changer, parts that are too high cannot be machined. When machining the cavity or the concave profile, the chips are not easy to be discharged. Severely, the tool will be damaged and the machined surface will be damaged, which will affect the smooth progress of the machining.
2. Horizontal machining center refers to a machining center with a horizontal spindle. It usually has an automatic indexing rotary table. It usually has 3 to 5 motion coordinates. The common one is three linear motion coordinates plus one rotary motion coordinate. , After the workpiece is installed once, the processing of the remaining four surfaces except the mounting surface and the top surface is completed. It is most suitable for adding box parts. Compared with the vertical machining center, the horizontal machining center is easy to remove chips during processing, which is beneficial to processing, but the structure is complex and the price is higher.
3. Gantry machining center refers to a machining center with the spindle axis perpendicular to the worktable, which is mainly suitable for processing large parts.
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